One of the tasks I perform at MicroSolved is working on our Daily Threat Briefing. We use our TigerTrax™ threat intelligence gathering platform to pull in security information from all over the web and social media sphere. And one of the things I notice constantly is data breaches and other security compromises that are caused not by poor security at the affected organizations, but by security failures in their supply chain. This week’s example is the Bizmatics hack that exposed the private health information of patients from institutions such as the Pain Treatment Centers of America and the Interventional Surgery Institute. It is still unclear if the hacker actually collected this information, but it is sure he had access to it. Since this information is protected under HIPAA and HITECH, there could be regulatory and legal consequences from the breach. And, ultimately, the responsibility for protecting this patient health information lies with the medical organizations affected, not Bizmatics. The name of the game here is performing “Due Diligence” when you chose and maintain relationships with a third party service provider or vendor. Did you examine their information security policies and assessment results? Did you check out their financial standing? Did you check their history to see if they have had problems in the past? Did you check with other users of their services to see if they have experienced any difficulties with the provider? Have you been performing such checks not just once, but on a recurring basis? If you have been performing due diligence in these matters, chances are you will fare well legally. If you haven’t, chances are your organization will suffer for it. Despite this, many organizations do not perform proper due diligence. They find it is difficult to get the information needed, and even if the information is available, they find accessing it uses up lots of man hours. This is an area where the new MicroSolved passive assessment platform can help. The platform employs the powerful TigerTrax™ platform to perform automated research, intelligence gathering and correlation from hundreds of sources, both public and private, that describe the effective security posture of organizations. And best of all, it performs these tasks very quickly and without touching the target’s network or systems directly in any way. So if yours is one of the organizations out there that is having trouble performing proper due diligence in choosing and maintaining supply chain relationships, try doing it the easy and effective way. Contact MicroSolved today and see how we can help.
Category Archives: General InfoSec
Hosting Providers Matter as Business Partners
Hosting providers seem to be an often overlooked exposure area for many small and mid-size organizations. In the last several weeks, as we have been growing the use of our passive assessment platform for supply chain assessments, we have identified several instances where the web site hosting company (or design/development company) is among the weakest links. Likely, this is due to the idea that these services are commodities and they are among the first areas where organizations look to lower costs.
- “PCI accredited” checkout pages hosted on the same server as other sites that are clearly under the control of an attacker
- Exposed applications and services with default credentials on the same systems used to host web sites belonging to critical infrastructure organizations
- Dangerous service exposures on hosted systems
- Malware infested hosting provider ad pages, linked to hundreds or thousands of their client sites hosted with them
- Poorly managed encryption that impacts hundreds or thousands of their hosted customer sites
- An interesting correlation of blacklisted host density to geographic location and the targeted verticals that some hosting providers sell to
- Pornography being distributed from the same physical and logical servers as traditional businesses and critical infrastructure organizations
- A clear lack of DoS protection or monitoring
- A clear lack of detection, investigation, incident response and recovery maturity on the part of many of the vendors
Bonus from March: Supply Chain Security Model
Thanks for reading our supply chain security content throughout the month of March. We just wanted to sneak this one in, despite the calendar… 🙂
If you click here, you can download a PDF version of a nice maturity model for assessing your vendor supply chain security maturity. We added passive assessments in to it to make it easy to show where you can leverage this powerful new approach.
Check it out, and let us know if you would like help building, improving or auditing your program. In addition, if you would like to retain MSI for your third party oversight needs, please get in touch with your account executive or call us at (614) 351-1237. We have a strong history of program oversight across disciplines and would be happy to help keep your initiative on track!
Have a great April!
How to Engage MSI for Supply Chain Security Help
The month of March is about to wrap up and come to a close. I hope it was a great month for you and your security initiatives. I also hope you took advantage of our focused content this month on Supply Chain Security. If you want to go back and read through some of the articles, here are quick links:
3 Reasons Your Supply Chain Security Stinks
Mapping Control Requirements to Vendor Tiers
An Example Control Matrix for Supply Chain Security
What is MSI’s Passive Assessment & How Does it Empower Supply Chain Security?
Many folks have asked us about how to engage with MSI around the Supply Chain. I wanted to add this bit of information in order to make it easier for folks to know how we can assist them.
You can engage with MSI around Supply Chain Security in three primary models:
- Focused Mission Consulting Model – This model is when you have a specific set of tasks and deliverables in mind that you would like MSI to create/review/audit or test. We scope the work effort up front and provide a flat rate engagement price. The work is then completed, usually offsite, and the deliverables are worked through until completed. This is fantastic for organizations looking to build a program, create their tiers and control matrices and document the processes involved. Basically, you hire us to do the heavy lifting…
- Retainer-Based Consulting Model – This model lets you hire MSI resources for a specific time frame (usually 1 year) for periodic oversight, design, review or operational tasks. Our team supplements your team, providing experience and assistance to your process. Basically, you do the heavy lifting – and we make sure you build an efficient, effective and safe program for supply chain security. This is a flat rate, billed monthly, for a set number of resource hours.
- Virtual CISO Model – In this model, you can hire MSI to manage and provide oversight for security needs across the enterprise. You get an assigned MSI resource who is responsible for ensuring your initiatives get completed and performed in accordance with best practices. This resource can draw from other MSI subject matter experts and our services, as needed, to build out/supplement or support your security initiative. This is a great offering for small and mid-size organizations who need deep expertise, but who might not have the budget or capability to retain world class talent across multiple security domains. Basically, in this type of engagement – you hire us to solve your security problems and build/manage your security program. We do that with attention to cost/efficiency/effectiveness and safety. Pricing for this service type varies based on the maturity and requirements of the security program.
You can also retain MSI to leverage our passive assessment platform to assess your vendors passively, “en masse”. For information about how to engage with us to serve as a fulcrum for your security program, arrange for a free, no pressure, exploration call with your account executive. If you don’t have an account executive, give us a call at (614) 351-1237 or drop us a line at info (at) microsolved /dot/ com and let us know of your interest. We would love to share some demo information with you and walk you through how we can help.
If you have any other questions about Supply Chain Security or other issues, please get in touch, as above. You can also reach out to me on Twitter. As always, thanks for reading and until next time, stay safe out there!
What is MSI Passive Assessment & How Does it Empower Supply Chain Security
- open source intelligence
- corporate data analytics
- honeypot sources
- deep & dark net search engines
- other data mining tools
- Current IOCs associated with them or their hosted applications/systems (perfect for cloud environments!)
- Historic campaigns, breaches or outbreaks that have been identified or reported in public and in our proprietary intelligence sources
- Leaked credentials, account information or intellectual property associated with the target
- Underground and dark net data associated with the target
- Misconfigurations or risky exposures of systems and services that could empower attackers
- Public vulnerabilities
- Other relevant intelligence about their risks, threats and vulnerabilities – new sources added weekly…
- https://stateofsecurity.com/?p=3889
- https://stateofsecurity.com/?p=3891
- https://stateofsecurity.com/?p=3893
- https://stateofsecurity.com/?p=3895
An Example Control Matrix for Supply Chain Security
Name of Tier | Tier Criteria | Required Diligence | Required Controls |
Critical Risk Vendors | Shared IIP that allows duplication of products or differentiator features or R&D; ANY outage of the vendor’s IT operations would harm JIT delivery or line manufacturing | Any required regulatory document gathering (SAS70, PCI DSS, HIPAA, etc.); Monthly MSI passive assessment – MEDIUM or HIGH risk issues trigger FULL risk assessment & review of their security audits; MSI monitors vendor list for Targeted Threat Intelligence and if triggered, formal incident response process is required from the vendor |
As determined by your firm…
All controls required – NO VARIANCE ALLOWED
|
High Risk Vendors | Shared non-critical IIP that allows feature replication, long term damage to product/brand strategy or R&D; Protracted outage of the vendor’s IT operations could impact production | Any required regulatory document gathering (SAS70, PCI DSS, HIPAA, etc.); Quarterly MSI passive assessment – HIGH risk issues trigger FULL risk assessment & review of their security audits |
As determined by your firm…
All controls required – NO VARIANCE ALLOWED
|
Routine Risk Vendors | IIP shared at this level represents a potential for reputational or regulatory impacts; Normal vendor level where data sharing occurs | Any required regulatory document gathering (SAS70, PCI DSS, HIPAA, etc.); Yearly MSI passive assessment – HIGH risk issues trigger deeper risk assessment |
As determined by your firm…
Variance allowed by signed acceptance from steering committee or executive team
|
Low Risk Vendors | Data is not shared with this vendor and compromise of the vendor’s IT operations is unlikely to have any impact | Peer review to validate tier eligibility; Contract language review; Financial fraud team validation | Only contractual controls and/or SLA required |
Mapping Control Requirements to Vendor Tiers
- Low Risk Vendors– What are the minimum steps we should perform for each vendor in this tier?
- Controls Required: Scoping peer review to ensure that the criteria for this tier are met; contract and, when applicable, SLA review by the security team against established guidance & regulatory requirements, approval of financial due diligence team to avert fraud, etc.
- Comments: Since there are only isolated potentials for digital risk in this tier, we don’t need to perform cyber-security reviews and the like, or accumulate data we don’t need (which wastes time & resources, etc.). If, for example, this is a commodity or non-impactful application provider, we might review their contract for language around malware free deliverables, code security, patch/fix turnaround times, etc., as appropriate for each vendor and the service or good they provide.
- Controls Required: Scoping peer review to ensure that the criteria for this tier are met; contract and, when applicable, SLA review by the security team against established guidance & regulatory requirements, approval of financial due diligence team to avert fraud, etc.
- Routine Risk Vendors – At this level, I try and think of the controls that I would want for just about any vendor that can impact us or our operations, but that aren’t capable of doing much beyond reputational or regulatory damage.
- Controls Required: All of the controls of the lower level apply and are required. Any control reviews that are required for regulatory compliance over PII that we share (SAS70, PCI-DSS compliance statements, etc.). Plus, at this stage, I would really like some form of cyber-security assessment, which in this case is MSI’s passive assessment tool (that can be run without the vendor’s knowledge or permission) run against them on a yearly basis with NO HIGH RISK issues identified. If a HIGH RISK issue is found, then they would be flagged and would need to have a formal technical review of their security controls performed or even our traditional risk assessment process. Any deviance from the accepted controls would require a signed risk acceptance variance from a management team or steering committee, as an example.
- Comments: Here, we are defining the basics. What do we need for most vendors that could hurt us? We try to keep the process as simple as possible, so that we can focus on the vendors that have higher risk of actually hurting us and our business. The use of passive assessments here is a powerful new approach to reduce the number of full fledged risk assessments that we need to perform, and the overhead created by dealing with the paperwork and interactions to complete the traditional risk assessment process.
- Controls Required: All of the controls of the lower level apply and are required. Any control reviews that are required for regulatory compliance over PII that we share (SAS70, PCI-DSS compliance statements, etc.). Plus, at this stage, I would really like some form of cyber-security assessment, which in this case is MSI’s passive assessment tool (that can be run without the vendor’s knowledge or permission) run against them on a yearly basis with NO HIGH RISK issues identified. If a HIGH RISK issue is found, then they would be flagged and would need to have a formal technical review of their security controls performed or even our traditional risk assessment process. Any deviance from the accepted controls would require a signed risk acceptance variance from a management team or steering committee, as an example.
- High Risk Vendors – Here we build on the controls below for normal vendors to try and achieve a balance between work load and information security needs. We define a level that exceeds best practices and serves to give us more confidence in the vendors that could hurt us at a significant level.
- Controls Required: All of the controls of the lower levels apply and are now definitely required(no variances accepted at this level for the basic controls defined for lower risk levels). In addition, we need to provide ongoing assessment of the vendor’s security controls, so a passive run is now required without any HIGH RISK findings on a quarterly basis. This is to help us combat control drift and control entropy in the vendor’s security posture. If at any time, a HIGH RISK issue is identified, then a FULL and COMPREHENSIVE risk assessment is required as soon as possible. This risk assessment should include the review of the vendor’s third party risk assessments, vulnerability assessments & penetration tests (these should be provided to us by the vendor, within 3 business days of the request). Failure to pass this risk assessment, respond properly or any significant issues identified that are not mitigated in a timely manner should result in financial and legal consequences for the vendor and their contract with our organization.
- Comments: Again, we are trying to reduce the incidence of full risk assessments, so that we can focus our attention and limited resources on the vendors that can hurt us significantly and are in the worst security postures. Further, we create an incentive at this level for them to comply and respond rapidly.
- Controls Required: All of the controls of the lower levels apply and are now definitely required(no variances accepted at this level for the basic controls defined for lower risk levels). In addition, we need to provide ongoing assessment of the vendor’s security controls, so a passive run is now required without any HIGH RISK findings on a quarterly basis. This is to help us combat control drift and control entropy in the vendor’s security posture. If at any time, a HIGH RISK issue is identified, then a FULL and COMPREHENSIVE risk assessment is required as soon as possible. This risk assessment should include the review of the vendor’s third party risk assessments, vulnerability assessments & penetration tests (these should be provided to us by the vendor, within 3 business days of the request). Failure to pass this risk assessment, respond properly or any significant issues identified that are not mitigated in a timely manner should result in financial and legal consequences for the vendor and their contract with our organization.
- Critical Risk Vendors – These are the vendors that can REALLY hurt us, so we spend a majority of our attention and resources here.
- Controls Required: All of the controls of the lower levels apply and are now definitely required(no variances accepted at this level for the basic controls defined for lower risk levels). Additionally, passive assessments are now monthly in frequency (or maybe even weekly, depending on your paranoia/risk tolerance). Ongoing monitoring of target threat intelligence data is also required – so we are having MSI monitor social media/public web/deep web/dark web for any events or indicators of compromise that might emerge and be related to our vendors in this tier. At this level, we are performing the full comprehensive risk assessment process on a yearly basis, in addition to the passive work of MSI. While this is tedious, we want to ensure that we have provided the utmost effort on these vendors that can truly hurt us at the most damaging of levels. We can now do this easily without taxing our resources, thanks to the tiering architecture and the use of the focus points provided by MSI through our passive assessment and other services. Any identified MEDIUM or HIGH RISK issue flagged by MSI results in the immediate triggering of an update to the risk assessment process, notification of the vendor for the required response of their security team leadership, and the potential requirement for a formal incident response process for the vendor – which we manage by requiring the delivery of an incident response report and/or attestation by a third party security firm that the situation was mitigated and that our IIP was protected. Failure to pass this risk assessment, respond properly or any significant issues identified that are not mitigated in a timely manner should result in SIGNIFICANT financial and legal consequences for the vendor and their contract with our organization.
- Comments: Here we leverage ongoing monitoring and take the lead on watching for potential compromises for ourselves and our vendors. Given the large percentage of breaches reported by third parties, we no longer believe that the detection and response capabilities of any partner organization are strong enough, alone, to protect our IIP. Thus the increased due diligence and oversight for the vendors that can hurt us the worst.
- Controls Required: All of the controls of the lower levels apply and are now definitely required(no variances accepted at this level for the basic controls defined for lower risk levels). Additionally, passive assessments are now monthly in frequency (or maybe even weekly, depending on your paranoia/risk tolerance). Ongoing monitoring of target threat intelligence data is also required – so we are having MSI monitor social media/public web/deep web/dark web for any events or indicators of compromise that might emerge and be related to our vendors in this tier. At this level, we are performing the full comprehensive risk assessment process on a yearly basis, in addition to the passive work of MSI. While this is tedious, we want to ensure that we have provided the utmost effort on these vendors that can truly hurt us at the most damaging of levels. We can now do this easily without taxing our resources, thanks to the tiering architecture and the use of the focus points provided by MSI through our passive assessment and other services. Any identified MEDIUM or HIGH RISK issue flagged by MSI results in the immediate triggering of an update to the risk assessment process, notification of the vendor for the required response of their security team leadership, and the potential requirement for a formal incident response process for the vendor – which we manage by requiring the delivery of an incident response report and/or attestation by a third party security firm that the situation was mitigated and that our IIP was protected. Failure to pass this risk assessment, respond properly or any significant issues identified that are not mitigated in a timely manner should result in SIGNIFICANT financial and legal consequences for the vendor and their contract with our organization.
Sorting Vendors into Tiers
- Critical Risk Vendors
- Criteria: Mission critical “information intellectual property” (IIP) assets are shared with this vendor, where the assets represent a significant portion of the market differentiator or research and development of a product line OR the vendor’s IT operations are critical to our just in time manufacturing or delivery model – that is – ANY outage of the vendor’s IT operations would cause an outage for us that would impact our capability to deliver our products to our customers
- Examples: Compromise of the IIP data would allow duplication of our product(s) or significant replication of our research; Outages or tampering with the vendor IT operations would impact manufacturing line operations, etc.
- Criteria: Mission critical “information intellectual property” (IIP) assets are shared with this vendor, where the assets represent a significant portion of the market differentiator or research and development of a product line OR the vendor’s IT operations are critical to our just in time manufacturing or delivery model – that is – ANY outage of the vendor’s IT operations would cause an outage for us that would impact our capability to deliver our products to our customers
- High Risk Vendors
- Criteria: Non-critical IIP assets are shared with this vendor such that if said assets were compromised, they would represent damage to our long term product & brand strategies or research and development. Actual product replication would not be enabled, but feature replication might be possible. Outages of vendor’s IT operations at this level, if protracted, could impact our research and development or ability to deliver our products to our customers.
- Examples: Breach of this vendors network could expose the design specs for a specific part of the product. Compromise of the vendor could expose our future marketing plan for a product and some of the differentiating features that we plan to leverage. If the vendor’s IT operations were disabled for a protracted time, (greater than /48, 72 or 96/ hours), our capability to deliver products could be impacted.
- Criteria: Non-critical IIP assets are shared with this vendor such that if said assets were compromised, they would represent damage to our long term product & brand strategies or research and development. Actual product replication would not be enabled, but feature replication might be possible. Outages of vendor’s IT operations at this level, if protracted, could impact our research and development or ability to deliver our products to our customers.
- Routine Risk Vendors
- Criteria: Non-critical IIP assets may be shared with this vendor tier, and compromise of that IIP may be damaging to our reputation. The IIP, if compromised, would not allow duplication of our product lines, research or differentiators of our products. In addition to reputational impacts, share of data that could impact our sales pipeline/process and/or other secondary systems or processes may be expected if breaches occur at this level. Regulatory or legally protected IIP also resides at this level.
- Examples: Organizations where customer data, sales & marketing data, employee identification information, etc. are shared (outsourced payment, outsourced HR, etc.) are good examples here. This is the level of risk for any vendor that you share IIP with, in any form, that does NOT immediately empower delivery of your products or impact your longer term R&D efforts or market differentiators…
- Criteria: Non-critical IIP assets may be shared with this vendor tier, and compromise of that IIP may be damaging to our reputation. The IIP, if compromised, would not allow duplication of our product lines, research or differentiators of our products. In addition to reputational impacts, share of data that could impact our sales pipeline/process and/or other secondary systems or processes may be expected if breaches occur at this level. Regulatory or legally protected IIP also resides at this level.
- Low Risk Vendors
- Criteria: This tier is for vendors that we share NO IIPwith, in any form, and vendors that could not directly impact our product delivery via an IT operations outage in any way. These vendors, should they experience a breach, would result in little to no impact on the reputation or capabilities of our firm to operate.
- Examples: Caterers, business supply companies, temporary employment agencies, hardware and software vendors for not manufacturing systems, commodity product or component dealers, packaging material suppliers, transport companies, etc.
- Criteria: This tier is for vendors that we share NO IIPwith, in any form, and vendors that could not directly impact our product delivery via an IT operations outage in any way. These vendors, should they experience a breach, would result in little to no impact on the reputation or capabilities of our firm to operate.
Ideas for Vendor Discovery
One of the most common issues in supply chain security is in identifying vendors initially and then in maintaining their status over the long term. To answer that challenge, here are some ideas around creating initiatives to answer those needs that we have seen work over the years. This post will focus on identifying vendors and refreshing vendor lists. Another post will discuss suggestions for creating vendor tiers and sorting vendors based upon various criteria and mapping that to controls for each tier.
3 Reasons Your Supply Chain Security Program Stinks
- Let’s face it, Supply Chain Security and Vendor Risk Management is just plain hard. There are a lot of moving pieces – companies, contacts, agreements, SLAs, metrics, reporting, etc. Suppliers also change frequently, since they have their own mergers/acquisitions, get replaced due to price changes or quality issues, new suppliers are added to support new product lines and old vendors go away as their product lines become obsolete. Among all of that, is cyber-security. MSI has a better and faster way forward – an automated way to reduce the churn – a way to get a concise, easy to use and manageable view of the security of your vendors’ security posture. This month, we will show you what we have been doing in secret for some of the largest companies in the world…
- Vendors with good security postures often look the same as vendors with dangerous security postures, on paper at least. You know the drill – review the contracts, maybe they send you an audit or scan report (often aged), maybe they do a questionnaire (if you’re lucky). You get all of this – after you chase them down and hound them for it. You hope they were honest. You hope the data is valid. You hope they are diligent. You hope they stay in the same security posture or improve over time, and not the opposite. You hope for a lot. You just don’t often KNOW, and what most companies do know about their vendors is often quite old in Internet terms, and can be far afield from where their security posture is at the moment. MSI can help here too. This month, we will make our passive assessment tool available to the public for the first time. Leveraging it, you will be able to rapidly, efficiently and definitively get a historic and current view of the security posture of your vendors, without their permission or knowledge, with as frequent updates as you desire. You’ll be able to get the definitive audit of their posture, from the eyes of an attacker, in a variety of formats – including direct data feeds back into your GRC tools. Yes, that’s right – you can easily differentiate between good and bad security AND put an end to data entry and keyboarding sessions. We will show you how…
- Supply chain security via manual processes just won’t scale. That’s why we have created a set of automated tools and services to help organizations do ongoing assessments of their entire supply chain. You can even sort your supply chain vendors by criticality or impact, and assign more or less frequent testing to those groups. You can get written reports, suitable for auditors – or as we wrote above, data feeds back to your GRC tools directly. We can test tens of vendors or thousands of vendors – whatever you need to gain trust and assurance over your supply chain vendors. The point is, we built workflows, methodologies, services and tools that scale to the largest companies on the planet. This month, we will show you how to solve your supply chain security problems.