Tag Archives: incident response

The Power of Business Impact Analysis: Strengthening Business Resilience

Posted on by
Reply

The ability to anticipate and mitigate disruptions is more critical than ever. Organizations that lack a structured approach to assessing operational risks may find themselves vulnerable to financial losses, reputational damage, and regulatory penalties.

A Business Impact Analysis (BIA) is a cornerstone of business continuity planning, helping organizations identify critical functions, assess vulnerabilities, and allocate resources effectively to maintain operational resilience. This article explores the importance of BIA, its key benefits, and how organizations can leverage it to enhance preparedness against disruptions.

BIA

What is a Business Impact Analysis (BIA)?

A BIA is a strategic process designed to evaluate the potential effects of unexpected disruptions on critical business functions. It systematically identifies essential operations, assesses their dependencies, and provides actionable insights to minimize downtime and financial loss.

A typical BIA report includes:

  • Executive Summary – A high-level overview of the analysis and key findings.
  • Methodology – The approach, tools, and data collection techniques used.
  • Findings – Detailed insights into operational vulnerabilities.
  • Risk Assessment – Identification of potential disruptions such as cyber threats, natural disasters, or supply chain failures.
  • Recovery Strategies – Prioritized recommendations to minimize downtime and financial losses.

Key Benefits of a Business Impact Analysis

  • Identifying Critical Business Functions – Prioritizes essential operations to ensure effective resource allocation.
  • Optimizing Resource Allocation – Helps companies strategically allocate resources for cybersecurity, disaster recovery, and emergency staffing.
  • Enhancing Risk Mitigation Strategies – Provides quantifiable risk assessments to proactively address potential disruptions.
  • Supporting Regulatory Compliance – Ensures compliance with industry regulations by documenting risks and resilience measures.
  • Strengthening Business Continuity Planning – Forms the foundation of an effective business continuity plan (BCP).

How to Perform a Business Impact Analysis

  1. Planning & Preparation – Define scope, secure leadership buy-in, and establish clear objectives.
  2. Data Collection – Conduct interviews, assess dependencies, and document potential financial and operational impacts.
  3. Evaluating Collected Data – Prioritize business functions and define recovery objectives.
  4. Creating the BIA Report – Summarize findings, provide detailed recovery strategies, and develop an action plan.
  5. Implementing & Reviewing – Align recommendations with business continuity plans and schedule regular updates.

Integrating BIA into Business Continuity & Security Strategies

  • Incident Response Planning – Enables faster decision-making during disruptions.
  • Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity Testing – Helps validate business continuity plans.
  • Data Flow & Cybersecurity Risk Management – Supports prioritizing security defenses.
  • Regulatory & Compliance Readiness – Demonstrates due diligence for compliance frameworks.

Common Challenges & How to Overcome Them

  • Difficulty Collecting Comprehensive Data – Conduct structured interviews and use automated tools.
  • Misalignment Between IT & Business Units – Involve both operational and IT leaders.
  • Lack of Regular Updates – Schedule annual or semi-annual BIA reviews.

How MicroSolved Can Assist with Your BIA

Conducting a BIA effectively requires expertise in risk assessment, data analysis, and business continuity planning. MicroSolved brings decades of experience in helping organizations:

  • Identify critical business processes and dependencies.
  • Assess financial and operational impacts of disruptions.
  • Develop customized business continuity and disaster recovery strategies.
  • Strengthen cybersecurity posture through integrated risk assessments.

Ready to assess your business continuity strategy? Contact MicroSolved today to schedule your BIA consultation!

Phone: +1.614.351.1237 or email: info@microsolved.com

 

 

* AI tools were used as a research assistant for this content.

 

The Value Proposition of MSI Tabletop Exercises for Management

Posted on by
Reply

When it comes to cybersecurity, incident response, and business continuity planning, preparedness is key. In today’s environment, where breaches and disruptions are inevitable, organizations cannot afford to operate with untested protocols or vague plans. This is where tabletop exercises come in—providing a structured, scenario-based approach to testing and refining an organization’s readiness for real-world crises.

Tabletop

What Are Tabletop Exercises and Why Do They Matter?

Tabletop exercises are facilitated discussions that simulate various incident scenarios—such as cyberattacks, natural disasters, or compliance failures. These exercises aren’t just theoretical; they are practical, interactive, and designed to uncover critical weaknesses in processes and decision-making.

  • Testing Readiness: Evaluate whether your incident response policies and protocols stand up under stress.
  • Identifying Gaps: Highlight vulnerabilities in coordination, communication, or technical measures.
  • Enhancing Team Skills: Empower teams to handle crises with confidence and clarity.
  • Supporting Compliance: Meet regulatory requirements and best practices, reducing audit-related headaches.

What Sets MSI’s Tabletop Exercises Apart?

MSI has been at the forefront of cybersecurity and risk management for decades. Its proprietary approach to tabletop exercises goes beyond generic templates, ensuring real value for your organization.

Why MSI?

  • Customization: MSI doesn’t believe in one-size-fits-all. Each exercise is meticulously tailored to your organization’s unique risk profile, environment, and industry challenges.
  • Expert Facilitation: Exercises are led by cybersecurity professionals with decades of experience in managing incidents across industries.
  • Comprehensive Analysis: Immediate feedback during the exercise, coupled with detailed post-event reports, ensures that you walk away with actionable insights.
  • Collaborative Approach: MSI partners with your team at every step—from scoping and design to execution and review—ensuring the exercise aligns with your strategic goals.

How Do Tabletop Exercises Benefit Management?

While tabletop exercises are valuable for all participants, they provide specific and strategic benefits to management teams:

  1. Preparedness: Demonstrate to boards, stakeholders, and customers that your organization is ready to handle crises effectively.
  2. Strategic Alignment: Ensure that incident response strategies support overarching business goals.
  3. Resource Prioritization: Identify areas requiring immediate investment, whether in tools, policies, or training.
  4. Decision-Making Practice: Equip executives to make informed, timely decisions under high-pressure conditions.

What Scenarios Can MSI Simulate?

MSI’s exercises are designed to address a wide array of potential threats, including but not limited to:

  • Cyberattacks: Ransomware, phishing, or data breach scenarios.
  • Business Continuity Disruptions: Power outages, supply chain failures, or natural disasters.
  • Compliance Failures: Simulated regulatory audits or legal challenges.
  • Insider Threats: Scenarios involving social engineering, sabotage, or employee-related risks.

Turning Lessons into Action

The value of a tabletop exercise lies in its outcomes, and MSI ensures that every exercise delivers actionable results.

  1. Real-Time Reviews: MSI conducts immediate debriefs to capture insights from participants.
  2. Gap Analysis: A detailed review identifies weaknesses and opportunities for improvement.
  3. Actionable Deliverables: You receive a written report outlining findings, recommended mitigations, and next steps to bolster resilience.

The ROI of Tabletop Exercises

While the upfront investment in tabletop exercises may seem daunting, the return on investment (ROI) is significant:

  • Faster Incident Response: Reduce the time it takes to contain and recover from an incident, minimizing financial and reputational losses.
  • Regulatory Compliance: Avoid costly fines by demonstrating proactive governance and compliance readiness.
  • Improved Collaboration: Strengthen team cohesion and reduce errors during real-world incidents.

Ultimately, these exercises save your organization time, money, and stress—while enhancing its overall resilience.

Take Action: Build Resilience Today

Preparedness isn’t just a buzzword—it’s a competitive advantage. MSI’s tabletop exercises are designed to give your organization the tools, confidence, and insights needed to face any challenge.

Don’t wait for a crisis to test your readiness. Contact MSI today at info@microsolved.com or visit microsolved.com to learn more about how tabletop exercises can transform your incident response strategy.

Let’s build resilience together.

 

* AI tools were used as a research assistant for this content.

 

MicroSolved’s vCISO Services: A Smart Way to Boost Your Cybersecurity

Posted on by
Reply

Cybersecurity is always changing. Organizations need more than just security tools. They also need expert advice to deal with complex threats and weaknesses. This is where MSI’s vCISO services can help. MSI has a long history of being great at information security. Their vCISO services are made just for your organization to make your cybersecurity better and keep you safe from new threats.

Why MSI’s vCISO Services are a Good Choice:

  • Expert Advice: MSI’s vCISO services provide high-level guidance, helping align your cybersecurity plans with your business goals. MSI’s team has many years of experience, making sure your security policies follow industry standards and actually work against real threats.
  • Custom Risk Management: Every organization has different risks and needs. MSI customizes its vCISO services to fit your exact situation. Their services cover risk reviews, policy making, and compliance.
  • Proactive Threat Intelligence: MSI has advanced threat intelligence tools, like its HoneyPoint™ Security Server. vCISO services use real-time threat data in your security operations, helping you find, respond to, and reduce attacks.
  • Full Incident Response: If a security incident occurs, MSI’s vCISO services ensure that you respond quickly and effectively. They help plan incident response, hunt threats, and conduct practice exercises. This prepares your team for potential breaches and limits disruption to your work.
  • Long-term Partnership: MSI wants to build long relationships with clients. vCISO services are made to change as your organization changes. They provide constant improvement and adapt to new security challenges. MSI is committed to helping your security team do well over time.

Take Action

MSI’s vCISO services can improve your organization’s cybersecurity. You can get expert advice, proactive threat intelligence, and full risk management tailored to your needs.

Email info@microsolved.com to get started.

Using MSI’s vCISO services, you strengthen your cybersecurity and get a strategic partner to help you succeed long-term in the always-changing digital world. Reach out today and let MSI help guide your cybersecurity journey with confidence.

 

* AI tools were used as a research assistant for this content.

FAQ on Audit Log Best Practices

Posted on by
Reply

Q: What are audit logs?

A: Audit logs are records of all events and security-related information that occur within a system. This information is crucial for incident response, threat detection, and compliance monitoring.

Q: Why is audit log management important?

A: Audit log management is essential for every organization that wants to ensure its data security. Without audit logs, organizations would have no way of knowing who accessed what information when or how the incident happened or whether unauthorized users or suspicious activity occurred. Moreover, audit log management supports compliance with industry regulations and guidelines.

Q: What are the best practices for audit log management?

A: To ensure that your audit log management practices meet the CIS CSC version 8 guidelines and safeguard requirements, consider implementing the following best practices:

1. Define the audit log requirements based on industry regulations, guidelines, and best practices.

2. Establish audit policies and procedures that align with your organization’s requirements and implement them consistently across all systems and devices.
3. Secure audit logs by collecting, storing, and protecting them securely to prevent unauthorized access or tampering.
4. Monitor and review audit logs regularly for anomalies, suspicious activity, and security violations, such as unauthorized access attempts, changes to access rights, and software installations.
5. Configure audit logging settings to generate records of critical security controls, including attempts to gain unauthorized access or make unauthorized changes to the network.
6. Generate alerts in real-time for critical events, including security violations, unauthorized access attempts, changes to access rights, and software installations.
7. Regularly test audit log management controls to ensure their effectiveness and meet your organization’s audit log requirements.

Q: What are the benefits of following audit log management best practices?

A: Following audit log management best practices can establish a strong framework for incident response, threat detection, and compliance monitoring. This, in turn, can help safeguard against unauthorized access, malicious activity, and other security breaches, prevent legal and financial penalties, and maintain trust levels with clients and partners.

Q: How long should audit logs be kept?

A: As a general rule, storage of audit logs should include 90 days hot (meaning actively available for immediate review or alerting), 6 months warm (meaning they can be restored within hours), and two years cold (meaning they can be restored within days). However, organizations should define retention periods based on their audit log requirements and compliance regulations. [1] [2]

*This article was written with the help of AI tools and Grammarly.

Let’s Talk About Audit Logs

Posted on by
Reply

CIS Control 8: Audit Log Management

Data is at the core of every business in today’s digital age. Protecting that data is of paramount importance. For this reason, the Center for Internet Security (CIS) developed the CIS Controls to provide a comprehensive framework for cybersecurity best practices.

One of these controls, CIS Control 8, focuses specifically on audit log management. This control aims to ensure that all events and security-related information are recorded and retained in an audit log for a defined period.

This article will explore the importance of audit log management as a fundamental component of any organization’s security posture. We will examine the CIS Control 8 safeguard requirements and industry-standard best practices for audit log management.

By following the procedures outlined in this article, organizations can improve their security posture, meet all CIS CSC version 8 safeguards, and ensure compliance with industry standards.

Why audit log management is essential

Audit log management is essential for every organization that wants to ensure its data security. The reason is simple: audit logs provide a comprehensive record of all events and security-related information that occurs within a system. This information is critical for incident response, threat detection, and compliance monitoring. Without audit logs, organizations would have no way of knowing who accessed what information, when or how the incident happened, or whether unauthorized users or suspicious activity occurred.

In addition to aiding in incident response and threat detection, audit log management also supports compliance with industry regulations and guidelines. Many compliance requirements mandate that organizations maintain a record of all activity that occurs on their systems. Failing to comply with these requirements can result in significant legal and financial penalties. Therefore, organizations prioritizing data security must take audit log management seriously and implement practices that meet their data security needs and safeguard requirements.

Best practices for audit log management

Audit log management is critical to an organization’s data security efforts. To ensure that your audit log management practices meet the CIS CSC version 8 guidelines and safeguard requirements, consider implementing the following best practices:

1. Define the audit log requirements: Assess the audit log requirements for your organization based on industry regulations, guidelines, and best practices. Define the data to be logged, audit events, and retention periods.

2. Establish audit policies and procedures: Develop audit policies and procedures that align with your organization’s requirements. Ensure these policies and procedures are implemented consistently across all systems and devices.

3. Secure audit logs: Audit logs should be collected, stored, and protected securely to prevent unauthorized access or tampering. Only authorized personnel should have access to audit logs.

4. Monitor and review audit logs: Regularly monitor and review audit logs for anomalies, suspicious activity, and security violations. This includes monitoring for unauthorized access attempts, changes to access rights, and software installations.

5. Configure audit logging settings: Ensure audit logs capture essential system information and user activity information. Configure audit logging settings to generate records of critical security controls, including attempts to gain unauthorized access or make unauthorized changes to the network.

6. Generate alerts: Configure the system to generate real-time alerts for critical events. This includes alerts for security violations, unauthorized access attempts, changes to access rights, and software installations.

7. Regularly test audit log management controls: Ensure audit log management controls are consistently implemented and reviewed. Conduct regular testing to ensure they are effective and meet your organization’s audit log requirements.

Organizations can establish a strong framework for incident response, threat detection, and compliance monitoring by implementing these best practices for audit log management. This will help safeguard against unauthorized access, malicious activity, and other security breaches, prevent legal and financial penalties, and maintain trust levels with clients and partners.

Audit log management policies

To establish audit log management policies that meet CIS CSC version 8 guidelines and safeguard requirements, organizations should follow the following sample policy:

1. Purpose: The purpose of this policy is to establish the principles for collecting, monitoring, and auditing all system and user activity logs to ensure compliance with industry regulations, guidelines, and best practices.

2. Scope: This policy applies to all employees, contractors, equipment, and facilities within the organization, including all workstations, servers, and network devices used in processing or storing sensitive or confidential information.

3. Policy:

– All computer systems and devices must generate audit logs that capture specified audit events, including user logins and accesses, system configuration changes, application accesses and modifications, and other system events necessary for detecting security violations, troubleshooting, and compliance monitoring.

– Audit logs must be generated in real-time and stored in a secure, centralized location that is inaccessible to unauthorized users.

– The retention period for audit logs must be at least 90 days, or longer if law or regulation requires.

– Only authorized personnel with appropriate access rights and clearances can view audit logs. Access to audit logs must be audited and reviewed regularly by the Information Security team.

– Audit logs must be reviewed regularly to identify patterns of suspicious activity, security violations, or potential security breaches. Any unauthorized access or security violation detected in the audit logs must be reported immediately to the Information Security team.

– Audit log management controls, and procedures must be tested periodically to ensure effectiveness and compliance with CIS CSC version 8 guidelines and safeguard requirements.

4. Enforcement: Failure to comply with this policy may result in disciplinary action, up to and including termination of employment or contract. All violations must be reported to the Information Security team immediately.

By implementing the above policy, organizations can ensure they meet the audit log management standards set forth by CIS CSC version 8 guidelines and safeguard requirements. This will help organizations prevent unauthorized access, malicious activity, and data breaches, maintain compliance with industry regulations, and protect the integrity and confidentiality of sensitive or confidential information.

Audit log management procedures

Here are the audit log management procedures that establish best practices for performing the work of this control:

I. Initial Setup

– Determine which audit events will be captured in the logs based on industry regulations, guidelines, and best practices.

– Configure all computer systems and devices to capture the specified audit events in the logs.

– Establish a secure, centralized location for storing the logs that is inaccessible to unauthorized users.

II. Ongoing Operations

– Set the logs to generate in real time.

– Monitor the logs regularly to detect security violations, troubleshoot, and monitor compliance.

– Ensure only authorized personnel with appropriate access rights can view the logs.

– Review the logs regularly to identify patterns of suspicious activity, security violations, or potential security breaches.

– Immediately report any unauthorized access or security violation detected in the logs to the Information Security team.

– Retain log data for at least 90 days, or longer if required by law or regulation.

III. Testing and Evaluation

– Test the audit log management controls and procedures periodically.

– Ensure that all testing and evaluation are conducted in compliance with CIS CSC version 8 guidelines and safeguard requirements.

By following these audit log management procedures, organizations can establish best practices for performing the work of this control and ensure that all system and user activities are properly monitored and audited. This will help organizations maintain compliance with industry regulations, prevent unauthorized access, and protect sensitive or confidential information from data breaches.

 

*This article was written with the help of AI tools and Grammarly.

3 Key Tips for Rapid and Effective Incident Response in Information Security

Posted on by
Reply

Incident response is a critical component of any successful information security program. An effective incident response process can help organizations detect, investigate, and respond to threats in a timely manner. This blog post will discuss three key tips to ensure rapid and effective incident response during an information security incident.

  1. Develop a well-structured incident response plan:

    A comprehensive incident response plan serves as the foundation for effective incident response. The plan should outline each process phase’s roles, responsibilities, and procedures. Key elements include clear communication channels, escalation paths, and predefined actions to be taken during an incident. Regularly review, update, and test the plan to ensure it remains relevant and practical.

  2. Implement proactive detection and monitoring tools:

    The rapid response starts with early detection. Invest in advanced detection and monitoring tools, such as intrusion detection systems (IDS), security information and event management (SIEM) solutions, and endpoint detection and response (EDR) technologies. These tools enable organizations to identify potential security incidents in real time and respond quickly to minimize their impact.

  3. Train and empower your Incident Response Team (IRT):

    An experienced and well-equipped IRT is crucial for effective incident response. Provide regular training, including tabletop exercises and simulations, to ensure team members are familiar with the incident response plan and can execute it efficiently during an actual incident. Ensure the IRT has access to the necessary resources and tools, and maintain a culture of open communication to encourage swift reporting of potential incidents.

 

*This article was written with the help of AI tools and Grammarly.

High-Level FAQ for Incident Response

Posted on by
Reply

  1. Q: What is an incident response process in information security?

A: The incident response process in information security is a systematic approach to identifying, containing, analyzing, and resolving security incidents that may compromise the confidentiality, integrity, or availability of an organization’s information systems and data. It involves a set of predefined policies, procedures, and tools designed to minimize the impact of security incidents and facilitate a swift recovery.

  1. Q: Why is the incident response process necessary?

A: The incident response process is crucial for organizations because it helps to minimize the damage caused by security incidents, protect sensitive data, maintain business continuity, and comply with regulatory requirements. A well-defined incident response process can also help organizations learn from security incidents and improve their overall security posture.

  1. Q: What are the critical phases of an incident response process?

A: The incident response process typically includes six key phases:

  • i. Preparation: Developing and maintaining an incident response plan, training staff, and setting up necessary tools and resources.
  • ii. Detection and Analysis: Identifying potential security incidents through monitoring, reporting, and analyzing security events.
  • iii. Containment: Limiting the spread and impact of an identified security incident by isolating affected systems or networks.
  • iv. Eradication: Removing the cause of the security incident, such as malware or unauthorized access, and restoring affected systems to a secure state.
  • v. Recovery: Restoring affected systems and networks to regular operation and verifying their security.
  • vi. Post-Incident Activity: Reviewing the incident response process, identifying lessons learned, and implementing improvements to prevent future incidents.

  1. Q: Who should be involved in the incident response process?

A: An effective incident response process involves a cross-functional team, typically called the Incident Response Team (IRT), which may include members from IT, information security, legal, human resources, public relations, and management. External stakeholders, such as law enforcement, third-party vendors, or cyber insurance providers, may also be involved, depending on the nature and severity of the incident.

  1. Q: How can organizations prepare for incident response?

A: Organizations can prepare for incident response by:

  • Developing a comprehensive incident response plan that outlines roles, responsibilities, and procedures for each process phase.
  • Regularly updating and testing the incident response plan to ensure its effectiveness and relevance.
  • Training employees on their roles and responsibilities during an incident, including reporting procedures and essential security awareness.
  • Establishing a well-equipped IRT with clear communication channels and access to necessary resources.
  • Implementing continuous monitoring and detection tools to identify potential security incidents early.

  1. Q: How can organizations improve their incident response process?

A: Organizations can improve their incident response process by:

  • Regularly reviewing and updating the incident response plan to reflect changes in the organization’s infrastructure, personnel, and threat landscape.
  • Conducting periodic tests and simulations, such as tabletop exercises or red team exercises, to evaluate the plan’s effectiveness and identify improvement areas.
  • Implement a continuous improvement cycle incorporating lessons learned from past incidents and industry best practices.
  • Investing in advanced detection and monitoring tools to enhance the organization’s ability to identify and respond to security incidents.
  • Providing ongoing training and support to the IRT and other stakeholders to ensure they remain up-to-date with the latest threats and best practices.

 

*This article was written with the help of AI tools and Grammarly.

Best Practices for DHCP Logging

Posted on by
Reply

As an IT and security auditor, I have seen the importance of DHCP logging in, ensuring network security, and troubleshooting network issues. Here are the best practices for DHCP logging that every organization should follow:

 

1. Enable DHCP Logging: DHCP logging should be turned on to record every event that occurs in the DHCP server. The logs should include information such as the time of the event, the IP address assigned, and the client’s MAC address.

2. Store DHCP Logs Securely: DHCP logs are sensitive information that should be stored in a secure location. Access to the logs should be restricted to authorized personnel only.

3. Use a Centralized Logging Solution: To manage DHCP logs, organizations should use a centralized logging solution that can handle logs from multiple DHCP servers. This makes monitoring logs, analyzing data, and detecting potential security threats easier.

4. Regularly Review DHCP Logs: Regularly reviewing DHCP logs can help detect and prevent unauthorized activities on the network. IT and security auditors should review logs to identify suspicious behavior, such as unauthorized IP and MAC addresses.

5. Analyze DHCP Logs for Network Performance Issues: DHCP logs can also help identify network performance issues. By reviewing logs, IT teams can identify IP address conflicts, subnet mask issues, and other network performance problems.

6. Monitor DHCP Lease Expiration: DHCP lease expiration is vital to ensure IP addresses are not allotted to unauthorized devices. DHCP logs can help to monitor lease expiration and to deactivate the leases of non-authorized devices.

7. Implement Alerting: IT and security audit teams should implement alerting options to ensure network security. By setting up alert mechanisms, they can be notified of suspicious activities such as unauthorized devices connecting to the network or DHCP problems.

8. Maintain DHCP Logs Retention Policy: An effective DHCP logs retention policy should be defined to ensure logs are saved for an appropriate period. This policy will help to provide historical audit trails and to comply with data protection laws.

 

Following these DHCP logging best practices will help ensure the network’s security and stability while simplifying the troubleshooting of any network issues.

Saved By Ransomware Presentation Now Available

Posted on by
Reply

I recently spoke at ISSA Charlotte, and had a great crowd via Zoom. 

Here is the presentation deck and MP3 of the event. In it, I shared a story about an incident I worked around the start of Covid, where a client was literally saved from significant data breach and lateral spread from a simple compromise. What saved them, you might ask? Ransomware. 

That’s right. In this case, ransomware rescued the customer organization from significant damage and a potential loss of human life. 

Check out the story. I think you’ll find it very interesting. 

Let me know if you have questions – hit me up the social networks as @lbhuston.

Thanks for reading and listening! 

Deck: https://media.microsolved.com/SavedByRansomware.pdf

MP3: https://media.microsolved.com/SavedByRansomware.mp3

PS – I miss telling you folks stories, in person, so I hope you enjoy this virtual format as much as I did creating it! 

Utility Tabletop Cybersecurity Exercises

Posted on by
Reply

Recently, a group of federal partners, comprised of the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC), North American Reliability Corporation (NERC) and it’s regional entities released their Cyber Planning for Response and Recovery Study (CYPRES). The report was based on a review and analysis of the incident response and recovery capabilities of a set of their member’s cyber security units, and is a great example of some of the information sharing that is increasing in the industry. The report included reviews of eight utility companies’ incident response plans for critical infrastructure environments, and the programs reviewed varied in their size, complexity and maturity, though all were public utilities.

Though the specific tactics suggested in the report’s findings have come under fire and criticism, a few items emerged that were of broad agreement. The first is that most successful programs are based on NIST 800-61, which is a fantastic framework for incident response plans. Secondly, the report discusses how useful tabletop exercises are for practicing responses to cybersecurity threats and re-enforcing the lessons learned feedback loop to improve capabilities. As a result, each public utility should strongly consider implementing periodic tabletop exercises as a part of their cyber security and risk management programs.

Tabletop Exercises from MSI

At MicroSolved, we have been running cyber security tabletop exercises for our clients for more than a decade. We have a proprietary methodology for building out the role playing scenarios and using real-world threat intelligence and results from the client’s vulnerability management tools in the simulation. Our scenarios are developed into simulation modules, pre-approved by the client, and also include a variety of randomized events and nuances to more precisely simulate real life. During the tabletop exercise, we also leverage a custom written gaming management system to handle all event details, track game time and handle the randomization nuances.

Our tabletop exercise process is performed by two MSI team members. The first acts as the simulation moderator and “game master”, presenting the scenarios and tracking the various open threads as the simulation progresses. The second team member is an “observer” and they are skilled risk management team members who pre-review your incident response policies, procedures and documentation so that they can then prepare a gap analysis after the simulation. The gap analysis compares your performance during the game to the process and procedure requirements described and notes any differences, weaknesses or suggestions for improvement.

Target scenarios can be created to test any division of the organization, wide scale attacks or deeply nuanced compromises of specific lines of business. Various utility systems can be impacted in the simulation, including business networks, payment processing, EDI/supply chain, metering/AMI/smart grid, ICS/SCADA or other mission critical systems.Combination and cascading failures, disaster recovery and business continuity can also be modeled. In short, just about any cyber risks can be a part of the exercise.

Tabletop Exercise Outcomes and Deliverables

Our tabletop exercises result in a variety of detailed reports and a knowledge transfer session, if desired. The reports include the results of the policy/procedure review and gap analysis, a description of the simulated incident and an action plan for future improvements. If desired, a board level executive summary can also be included, suitable for presentation to boards, management teams, direct oversight groups, Public Utility Commission and Homeland Security auditors as well.

These reports will discuss the security measures tested, and provide advice on proactive controls that can be implemented, enhanced, matured or practiced in order to display capabilities in future incidents that reflect the ability to perform more rapid and efficient recovery.

The knowledge transfer session is your team’s chance to ask questions about the process, learn more about the gaps observed in their performance and discuss the lessons learned, suggestions and controls that call for improvement. Of course the session can include discussions of related initiatives and provide for contact information exchange with our team members, in the event that they can assist your team in the future. The knowledge transfer session can also be performed after your team has a chance to perform a major review of the reports and findings.

How to Get Started on Tabletop Exercises from MSI

Tabletop exercises are available from our team for cyber security incidents, disaster preparedness and response or business continuity functions. Exercises are available on an ad-hoc, 1 year, 2 year or 3 year subscription packages with frequencies ranging from quarterly to twice per year or yearly. Our team’s experience is applicable to all utility cyber programs and can include any required government partners, government agencies or regulators as appropriate.

Our team can help develop the scope of threats, cyber attacks or emergency events to be simulated. Common current examples include ransomware, phishing-based account compromises, cyber attacks that coincide with catastrophic events or service disruptions, physical attacks against substations or natural gas pipelines, data breach and compromise of various parts of the ICS/SCADA infrastructure. Our team will work with you to ensure that the scenario meets all of your important points and concerns.

Once the scenario is approved, we will schedule the simulation (which can be easily performed via web-conference to reduce travel costs and facilitate easy team attendance) and build the nuances to create the effects of a real event. Once completed, the reporting and knowledge transfer sessions can follow each instance.

Tabletop exercises can go a long way to increasing cybersecurity preparedness and re-enforcing the cybersecurity mindset of your team. It can also be a great opportunity for increasing IT/OT cooperation and strengthening relationships between those team members.

To get started, simply contact us via this web form or give us a call at (614) 351-1237. We would love to discuss tabletop exercises with you and help you leverage them to increase your security posture.