Managing Risks Associated with Model Manipulation and Attacks in Generative AI Tools

Posted on August 3, 2023 by Brent Huston

In the rapidly evolving landscape of artificial intelligence (AI), one area that has garnered significant attention is the security risks associated with model manipulation and attacks. As organizations increasingly adopt generative AI tools, understanding and mitigating these risks becomes paramount.

1. Adversarial Attacks:

Example: Consider a facial recognition system. An attacker can subtly alter an image, making it unrecognizable to the AI model but still recognizable to the human eye. This can lead to unauthorized access or false rejections.

Mitigation Strategies:

Robust Model Training: Incorporate adversarial examples in the training data to make the model more resilient.
Real-time Monitoring: Implement continuous monitoring to detect and respond to unusual patterns.

2. Model Stealing:

Example: A competitor might create queries to a proprietary model hosted online and use the responses to recreate a similar model, bypassing intellectual property rights.

Mitigation Strategies:

Rate Limiting: Implement restrictions on the number of queries from a single source.
Query Obfuscation: Randomize responses slightly to make it harder to reverse-engineer the model.

Policies and Processes to Manage Risks:

1. Security Policy Framework:

Define: Clearly outline the acceptable use of AI models and the responsibilities of various stakeholders.
Implement: Enforce security controls through technical measures and regular audits.

2. Incident Response Plan:

Prepare: Develop a comprehensive plan to respond to potential attacks, including reporting mechanisms and escalation procedures.
Test: Regularly test the plan through simulated exercises to ensure effectiveness.

3. Regular Training and Awareness:

Educate: Conduct regular training sessions for staff to understand the risks and their role in mitigating them.
Update: Keep abreast of the latest threats and countermeasures through continuous learning.

4. Collaboration with Industry and Regulators:

Engage: Collaborate with industry peers, academia, and regulators to share knowledge and best practices.
Comply: Ensure alignment with legal and regulatory requirements related to AI and cybersecurity.

Conclusion:

Model manipulation and attacks in generative AI tools present real and evolving challenges. Organizations must adopt a proactive and layered approach, combining technical measures with robust policies and continuous education. By fostering a culture of security and collaboration, we can navigate the complexities of this dynamic field and harness the power of AI responsibly and securely.

* Just to let you know, we used some AI tools to gather the information for this article, and we polished it up with Grammarly to make sure it reads just right!

ChatGPT and other AI Tools Corporate Security Policy Template

Posted on June 7, 2023 by Brent Huston

As artificial intelligence continues to advance, organizations are increasingly integrating AI tools, such as ChatGPT for content and code generation, into their daily operations. With these technologies’ tremendous potential come significant risks, particularly regarding information security and data privacy. In the midst of this technological revolution, we are introducing a high-level Information Security and Privacy Policy for AI Tools. This comprehensive template is designed to provide a clear, practical framework for the secure and responsible use of these powerful tools within your organization.

About the policy template

The purpose of this policy template is to protect your organization’s most critical assets—proprietary corporate intellectual property, trade secrets, and regulatory data—from possible threats. It emphasizes the principles of data privacy, confidentiality, and security, ensuring that data used and produced by AI tools are appropriately safeguarded. Furthermore, it sets forth policy statements to guide employees and stakeholders in their interactions with AI tools, ensuring they understand and adhere to the best practices in data protection and regulatory compliance.

Why is this important?

The importance of such a policy cannot be overstated. Without proper guidelines, the use of AI tools could inadvertently lead to data breaches or the unauthorized dissemination of sensitive information. An effective Information Security and Privacy Policy provides a foundation for the safe use of AI tools, protecting the organization from potential liabilities, reputational damage, and regulatory sanctions. In an era where data is more valuable than oil, ensuring its security and privacy is paramount—and our policy template provides the roadmap for achieving just that.

More information

If you have questions or feedback, or if you wish to discuss AI tools, information security, and other items of concern, just give us a call at 614.351.1237. You can also use the chat interface at the bottom of the page to send us an email or schedule a discussion. We look forward to speaking with you.

Template download link

You can get the template from here as a PDF with copy and paste enabled.

*This article was written with the help of AI tools and Grammarly.

3 Tips for Locating and Identifying IoT Devices On Your Enterprise Networks

Posted on March 8, 2023 by Brent Huston

Are you confident that your enterprise networks are secure? If so, can you be certain all approved IoT devices are accounted for and properly configured? It’s essential to identify every device connected to your network if only to ensure that it is not a malicious actor.

But identifying unauthorized network intruders is not the only reason for carefully inspecting your enterprise networks.

In this article, I’ll provide 3 tips for locating and identifying any Internet of Things (IoT) Devices on your enterprise networks. These tips will help you reduce vulnerability across your entire organization and ensure maximum data security.

Scan The Network

One of the best ways to locate and identify IoT devices on your enterprise networks is to scan the network for any active connections. This can be done using various tools such as nmap or a vulnerability scanning product. By scanning the network, you can see which devices are connecting to your network and get some idea of what they might be. Some tools, including nmap can guess the type of device it might be based on stack fingerprinting or services identified.

Scan For BlueTooth Devices

Many IoT devices use Bluetooth to connect to other devices or interact with users, and scanning for such devices can help you locate them. You can use a tool such as BLE Scanner to detect any active Bluetooth devices connected to your network. This will help you identify unapproved or unauthorized Bluetooth-enabled IoT devices on your networks.

Inventory MAC Addresses And ARP Data

Every IoT device connected to your network has a unique MAC address. By keeping an inventory of all the active MAC addresses, you can quickly identify any new or unauthorized devices connecting to your networks. Additionally, you should monitor ARP data for changes or anomalies. Detecting any suspicious activity could indicate that a malicious actor or unexpected device is attempting to connect to your network.

To look up the MAC address and identify the vendor of an IoT device, you can search using the MAC address on websites such as macvendors.com, which will show you who manufactured the device. Some network security and monitoring systems may also provide a way to look up MAC addresses, allowing you to identify any unauthorized devices on your enterprise networks quickly.

In conclusion, ensuring that all IoT devices connected to your enterprise networks are identified and adequately configured is essential. To do this, you should scan the network for active connections, scan for Bluetooth devices, and inventory MAC addresses and ARP data.

High-Level FAQ on Attack Surface Mapping

Posted on March 2, 2023 by Brent Huston

Q:What is attack surface mapping?

A: Attack surface mapping is a technique used to identify and assess potential attack vectors on a system or network. It involves identifying and analyzing the various components, data flows, and security controls of a system to identify potential vulnerabilities.

Q:What are the benefits of attack surface mapping?

A:Attack surface mapping helps organizations to better understand their security posture, identify weaknesses, and deploy appropriate controls. It can also help reduce risk by providing visibility into the system’s attack surface, allowing organizations to better prepare for potential threats.

Q:What are the components involved in attack surface mapping?

A: Attack surface mapping involves examining the various components of a system or network, including hardware, software, infrastructure, data flows, and security controls. It also includes evaluating the system’s current security posture, identifying potential attack vectors, and deploying appropriate controls.

Q:What techniques are used in attack surface mapping?

A: Attack surface mapping typically involves using visual representations such as mind-maps, heat maps, and photos to illustrate the various components and data flows of a system. In addition, it may involve using video demonstrations to show how potential vulnerabilities can be exploited.

How Information Security and Risk Management Teams Can Support FinOps

Posted on February 27, 2023 by Brent Huston

As organizations continue to move their operations to cloud services, it is becoming increasingly important for information security and risk management teams to understand how they can support financial operations (FinOps). FinOps is a management practice that promotes shared responsibility for an organization’s cloud computing infrastructure and cloud cost management. In this post, we will explore some ways in which the information security and risk management team can support FinOps initiatives.

1. Establishing Governance: Information security and risk management teams can play a vital role in helping FinOps teams establish effective governance. This includes creating a framework for budget management, setting up policies and procedures for cloud resource usage, and ensuring that all cloud infrastructure is secure and meets compliance requirements.

2. Security Awareness Training: Information security and risk management teams can provide security awareness training to ensure that all cloud practitioners are aware of the importance of secure cloud computing practices. This includes data protection, authentication protocols, encryption standards, and other security measures.

3. Cloud Rate Optimization: Information security and risk management teams can help FinOps teams identify areas of cost optimization. This includes analyzing cloud usage data to identify opportunities for cost savings, recommending risk-based ways to optimize server utilization, and helping determine the most appropriate pricing model for specific services or applications.

4. Sharing Incident Response, Disaster Recovery, and Business Continuity Insights: Information security and risk management teams can help FinOps teams respond to cloud environment incidents quickly and effectively by providing technical support in the event of a breach or outage. This includes helping to diagnose the issue, developing mitigations or workarounds, and providing guidance on how to prevent similar incidents in the future. The data from the DR/BC plans are also highly relevant to the FinOps team mission and can be used as a roadmap for asset prioritization, process relationships, and data flows.

5. Compliance Management: Information security and risk management teams can help FinOps teams stay compliant with relevant regulations by managing audits and reporting requirements, ensuring that all relevant security controls are in place, auditing existing procedures, developing policies for data protection, and providing guidance on how to ensure compliance with applicable laws.

The bottom line is this: By leveraging the shared data and experience of the risk management and information security teams, FinOps teams can ensure their operations are secure, efficient, and completely aligned with the organization’s overall risk and security posture. This adds value to the work of all three teams in the triad. By working together, the teams can significantly enhance the maturity around technology business management functions. All-in-all, by working together, the teams can create significantly better business outcomes.

FAQ for Enterprise Authentication Inventory

Posted on February 10, 2023 by Brent Huston

Q: What is authentication inventory?

A: Authentication inventory is the process of identifying and documenting all of the systems and applications that require remote access within an organization, as well as the types of authentication used for each system and any additional security measures or policies related to remote access.

Q: Why is authentication inventory important?

A: Authentication inventory is important because it helps organizations protect themselves from credential stuffing and phishing attacks. By having a complete and accurate inventory of all points of authentication, organizations can ensure that the right security protocols are in place and that any suspicious activity related to authentication can be quickly identified and addressed.

Q: What steps should I take to properly inventory and secure my authentication points?

A: To properly inventory and secure your authentication points, you should: 1) Identify the different types of authentication used by the organization for remote access; 2) List all of the systems and applications that require remote access; 3) Document the type of authentication used for each system/application and any additional security measures or policies related to remote access; 4) Check with user groups to ensure that they use secure authentication methods and follow security policies when accessing systems/applications remotely; 5) Monitor access logs for signs of unauthorized access attempts or suspicious activity related to remote access authentication; 6) Regularly review and update existing remote access authentication processes as necessary to ensure accurate data.

Challenges Auditing Authentication Mechanisms in Organizations

Posted on January 10, 2023 by Brent Huston

Authentication mechanisms are essential for organizations to protect their data and systems from unauthorized access. However, auditing these authentication mechanisms can be a challenge due to the complexity of the systems and the ever-evolving nature of cyber threats. This blog post will explore some of the challenges associated with auditing authentication mechanisms in organizations.

Challenges

1. Disparate Authentication Practices – As an auditor, you’re likely to come across a variety of authentication practices that can be difficult to manage. From different passwords to separate systems, disparate authentication requirements can be a major roadblock when auditing authentication mechanisms. To help reduce this challenge, organizations should establish strong identity and access management policies and ensure compliance with relevant regulations.

2. Staffing and Evidence Collection – The challenge of finding and retaining qualified staff who are knowledgeable and experienced in auditing authentication mechanisms is a common issue. Additionally, effective evidence collection is essential to successful audits, yet ensuring that meaningful data is gathered efficiently can be difficult.

3. Internal Controls – Auditors must ensure that the controls in place are sufficient to reduce risks associated with authentication processes. Weak access controls can lead to costly mistakes, potentially risking the organization’s data. Auditors should take the time to develop a detailed understanding of the organization’s internal controls and audit them on a regular basis against up-to-date and relevant threat models.

TLDR

This article discusses the challenges associated with auditing authentication mechanisms in organizations. It highlights three main issues: disparate authentication practices, staffing and evidence collection, and internal controls. Organizations should establish strong identity and access management policies to reduce the challenge of disparate authentication practices. Additionally, finding qualified staff and collecting meaningful evidence can be difficult tasks for auditors. Lastly, auditors must ensure that internal controls are sufficient to reduce risks associated with authentication processes.

PS – Make sure if you are performing such an audit that, you are checking your current practices against international standards, regulatory requirements, privacy rules, and best practice audit controls. Ensure that you are taking the essential steps to protect digital identity, providing strong access control policies and user controls. Reviewing the logging, and event detection capabilities and ensuring that both unauthorized access and successful authentications are being properly monitored in the event that forensic analysis is needed to respond to a security breach or other incident.

PSS – If you need a process for auditing your authentication points, you can find that here.

Seek Out and Remove End-Of-Life Components

Posted on December 5, 2022 by Brent Huston

Just a quick reminder, at some point during each quarter, it is a good idea to enact a process to seek out and remove any end-of-life products in your environment. This is not only a best practice but a significant risk reduction measure as well. Make it an ongoing periodic process, and you’ve got a powerful weapon against threats and emerging issues stemming from end-of-life hardware, firmware, and software in your networks.

How to Search for End-Of-Life Products In Your Environment

The first step is to identify the devices, applications, and firmware that are no longer supported by their vendors. You can do this manually or with a tool. The next step is to determine which of those devices have been deployed in your network. Once you know where they are, you need to find them. There are several ways to search for these devices:

Use Network Inventory Tools

Network inventory tools such as Nmap and Nessus will allow you to scan your entire network to locate all of the devices on your network. These tools will also tell you what operating systems and versions of software/firmware are running on the device. If you’re using a vendor-specific tool, you’ll be able to see if there are any known vulnerabilities associated with the product in many cases.

Talk to Device and Application Owners

If you don’t already have a relationship with the owners of the devices and applications, then you should start building one now. It’s important to get to know the people who own the devices and applications so that you can ask questions about how they use the devices and applications. You may even want to consider getting an end-of-life security policy together for the organization so that you can make sure everyone understands the risks of end-of-life components.

Once you have discussed the issues with the owner, remove the component if possible. Otherwise, add it to a list of components to look for workarounds or replacements. Many organizations that can’t manage to replace an end-of-life component either place it in a low trust network zone, front-end it with firewalls or ACLs, and increase monitoring and detection of the assets involved. Of course, the component should be reviewed quarterly until it can be removed from service.

Doing this process every quarter will increase your networks’ overall stability and trust worthiness, plus reduce risk and management headaches. It’s well worth your time and an effective part of an overall risk management strategy.

How Do I Know If My Company Needs a Risk Management Policy?

Posted on May 16, 2022 by Brent Huston

Risk management policies protect companies against financial losses due to various risks. These risks include legal issues, employee misconduct, environmental hazards, etc.

A company may implement a risk management policy to minimize these risks. However, several questions should be asked before implementing such a policy.

What Are the Risks That Could Lead to Financial Losses?

Many types of risks can lead to financial losses. Some examples include:

• Legal issues

• Employee misconduct

• Environmental hazards

• Product liability

• Cybersecurity threats

• Data breaches

• Other

It is important to understand what type of risk your company faces. For example, if your company sells products online, you will face cyber security risks.

Are There Any Existing Policies?

Before deciding whether or not to adopt a risk management policy, it is important to determine whether any existing policies cover the risks your company faces.

For example, if your company has an insurance policy, then you may not need to implement a separate risk management policy.

However, if your company does not have an insurance policy, then it is necessary to consider implementing a risk management policy.

Is Implementing a New Policy Worth It?

Once you know what type of risks your company faces, it is time to decide whether or not to implement a risk management plan.

Some companies feel that they do not need a risk management plan because their current policies already address their risks. However, this decision should be made carefully.

If your company does not have a formal risk management policy, then it is possible that some of the risks your company faces could go unaddressed. This means that the risks could become more significant problems down the line.

In addition, if your company decides to implement a risk management program, it is crucial to ensure that the program covers all the risks your company faces, including those currently unaddressed.

Do Your Employees Understand What Is Being Done?

When implementing a risk management plan, it is vital to ensure employees understand what is being done.

This includes explaining why the risk management plan was implemented, how the plan works, and what steps must be taken to comply.

The goal here is to ensure that employees understand your company’s risks and how the risk management plan helps mitigate them.

Will the Plan Be Cost-Effective?

Finally, it is essential to evaluate whether or not the risk management plan will be cost-effective.

Cost-effectiveness refers to the amount of money saved compared to the costs incurred.

For example, suppose your company spends $1 million per year to insure its assets. In addition, suppose that the risk management plan saves $500,000 per year. Then, the risk management plan would be considered cost-effective if it saves $500,000 annually.

In this case, the risk management plan is cost-effective because it saves $500,00 annually.

However, if the risk management plan only saves $100,000 per year, then the plan is not cost-effective.

In Conclusion

As discussed above, there are many reasons to implement a risk management strategy.

These strategies can help your company avoid potential financial losses caused by certain risks.

In addition, implementing a risk management plan can make your company more efficient and productive.

A Cynefin Risk Management Use Case

Posted on March 30, 2022 by Brent Huston

Lately, I have been working on using the Cynefin framework to help a client with supply chain risk management. I’m not going to dig into the specifics here, but I wanted to share a quick workflow that we used during this process that has been very useful for us.

Risk Matrix

First, we built a risk matrix for supply chain risk. Basically, there are a number of these available via the various search engines. We took some of the most common ones and tore them down to commonalities, then built them into our matrix. We turned this into a simple spreadsheet.

Heat Mapping

Next, once we had our risk matrix, we did an exercise where we heat mapped the various risks, scoring them high/medium/low subjectively. This gave us an excellent tool to monitor our situation and communicate it with our stakeholders.

Applying Cynefin

Next, we mapped all of the high risks into the cynefin framework by researching the present state of each, whether best practices were available and relevant, being developed, or still in the experimental stage. This gave us a good idea of which problems we could simply focus on using known techniques and skills against, which ones we needed to take existing decent practices and optimize them, and which problems we needed to experiment with solutions for.

Sharing and Feedback

Overall, the exercise took around an hour to complete once we compiled the basic templates and completed the risk matrix research. For those of you facing complex risk management problems, this workflow might assist. Let me know on social media (@lbhuston) if it provides any help or if you have suggestions and feedback. Thanks for reading!